依文思蓝褪色分光光度法测定雷洛昔芬

在pH 1 .4～ 2 .5的NaAc HCl缓冲介质中 ,雷洛昔芬 (raloxifene)与依文思蓝 (evansblue)反应形成离子缔合物 ,使依文思蓝溶液褪色 ,最大褪色波长位于 61 0nm。雷洛昔芬在 0～ 1 .4× 1 0 - 5mol/L的浓度范围内遵守比尔定律 ,表观摩尔吸光系数ε6 1 0 为 1 .76× 1 0 4L·mol- 1 ·cm- 1 。方法具有较高的灵敏度和良好的选择性     

Products of Ag+, Cu+ and Cu2+ Ion Implantation in the Surface of Polycrystalline Cadmium Sulfide as Photocatalysts for the Oxidation–Reduction Reaction of Methylene Blue with Formaldehyde

Semiconductor–semiconductor and molecule (molecular ion)–semiconductor products are formed upon the implantation of Ag⁺, Cu⁺, and Cu²⁺ ions in the CdS surface. Possible mechanisms were examined for their photocatalytic action in the reduction of methylene blue.     

A computational study of the LiH dimer

A theoretical study of the properties of the linear LiH dimer was undertaken. In this dimer, an unusual type of hydrogen bonding (termed "inverse" hydrogen bonding by some authors), which involves the hydrogen bonded molecule acting as an electron donor (rather than as a proton donor), is exhibited. The optimized geometry, dipole moment, interaction energy, atomic charges, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and frequency shifts for the dimer are computed at the SCF, MP2, and QCISD levels of theory using mainly a 6-31++G(d,p) basis set. We also examined the relative stability of the mono-deuterated isotopomers of linear (LiH)(2), i.e., Li-H...Li-D and Li-D...Li-H. Analysis of the normal vibrational modes, changes in the partial atomic charges, and changes in the vibrational frequencies of LiH on complexation were used to gain insight into the bonding and properties of the linear LiH dimer and its isotopomers.     

Novel visible-light-driven photocatalyst of NiO/Cd/g-C3N4 for enhanced degradation of methylene blue

Novel NiO/Cd/g-C₃N₄ photocatalysts were synthesized using a green and straightforward microwave-assisted method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis). The ternary NiO/Cd/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites were evaluated for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) at room temperature under the visible light irradiation. Experimental results revealed that the weight percent of cadmium had a remarkable effect on the photodegradation efficiency. The NiO/Cd/g-C₃N₄ (0.1%) sample exhibited superior activity in the degradation reaction. The activity of this nanocomposite was about 4.5 and 3.25 fold higher than those of the pure g-C₃N₄ and NiO/g-C₃N₄ samples in the degradation of MB, respectively. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the low energy gap, increased absorption capacity of the visible light, and efficient suppression of the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. A detailed photocatalytic mechanism over the nanocomposite of NiO/Cd/g-C₃N₄ (0.1%) was proposed with superoxide radical anion O₂^– as the main reactive species. The stability of the nanocomposite was confirmed after four consecutive runs as well.     

Potentiodynamic deposition of Prussian blue from a solution containing single component of ferricyanide and its mechanism investigation

Potentiodynamic techniques were used for the direct electrodeposition of Prussian blue nano-clusters from an acidic solution of ferricyanide. Electrochemical, EQCM, IR, AFM, and UV/vis measurements were carried out to characterize deposited nano-sized Prussian blue and to explore the formation mechanism. Results showed that ferricyanide could partially dissociate to free ferric and cyanide ions. The driving force of this dissociation is the formation of PB and the evolution of HCN. The optimal potential window for the potentiodynamic formation of PB from an acidic solution (pH 1.6) is between –0.5 V and 0.4 V. In addition, the influence of surface adsorption of CN^- ions on the formation of PB was discussed.Dedicated to Professor W. Vielstich on the occasion of his 80th birthday.     

Rice husk ash as an adsorbent for methylene blue—effect of ashing temperature

Utilization of one waste material to control pollution caused by another is of high significance in the remediation of environmental problems. Rice husk, an abundantly available agricultural waste, can be used as a low cost adsorbent for dyes and heavy metals in effluent streams. The possible utilization of rice husk ash as an adsorbent for methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions has been investigated. Ash samples from husks of two origins were prepared at different temperatures and their physical, chemical spectroscopic and morphological properties were determined. XRD, FTIR and SEM were some of the techniques adopted for the characterization. The samples were also analyzed for bulk density, pH, nitrogen adsorption properties and lime reactivity. Experiments of methylene blue adsorption on the ash samples were conducted using batch technique and a comparative study was made. Results were analyzed using linear, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The values of separation factor indicate that most of the ash samples do adsorb the dye molecules, but in varying quantities. Calcination at 900^∘C reduces the adsorption capacity of the ash to a great extent. Regression analysis shows that the experimental data fits both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms for certain concentration limits. The adsorbate species are most probably transported from the bulk of the solution into the solid phase through intra-particle diffusion process. Kinetics of adsorption was found to follow pseudo second order rate equation with R ²∼ 0.99. The highest adsorption capacity (Q ₀) achieved is found to be ∼690 mg/g, which is even higher than the values reported for activated carbon from rice husk. The adsorption capacity of the ash samples are in good agreement with their surface area and pore volume.     

水中阴离子表面活性剂的吸附分光光度法测定

研究萘基二苯甲烷与阴离子表面活性剂的缔合反应及缔合物在聚合物颗粒表面的吸附及洗脱 ,提出了碱性艳蓝BO分光光度法测定河水中的阴离子表面活性剂 ;碱性艳蓝BO与十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠的缔合物的表观摩尔吸光系数分别为3.76×104、3.63×104、2.15×104L·mol -1·cm -1 ,方法的线性范围为0.0～2.0mg/L,相对标准偏差3.8% (n=8);应用该法测定河水中阴离子表面活性剂含量 ,结果令人满意     

Effect of carbon content on photocatalytic activity of C/TiO2 composite

A series of carbon-covered titania (CCT) were prepared via pyrolysis of sucrose highly dispersed on titania surface in flowing N₂. The samples were characterized by XRD, BET, DTA-TG, UV—Vis, and their photocatalytic properties were evaluated with two model pollutants, methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RB), at room temperature. The effect of carbon content on photocatalytic activity of the C/TiO₂ composite was investigated. It was found that the effect of carbon content is different for different pollutants or different light sources. For three tested samples, under UV illumination CCT01 has the highest activity for MB photocatalytic degradation, while in the case of RB, CCT02 is the most active photocatalyst. Under visible light illumination, CCT005 has the highest activity for both MB and RB photocatalytic degradation. Translated from Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2006, 27(1): (in Chinese)     

垃圾场渗滤液中十二烷基硫酸钠的光度测定

三峡库区令人担忧的严重问题之一是城市生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液的迁移污染.渗滤液成分复杂,水质变化大,色度深、有恶臭.高浓度有机废水会污染地表水和地下水,破坏原有水体的用途,甚至危及原有的生态系统,若不妥善处理渗滤液,有害成分发生迁移转化,就会带来严重的二次污染,对库区环境构成严重危胁.     

Enthalpies of adsorption of methylene blue and crystal violet to montmorillonite

Calorimetric measurements of the enthalpy of adsorption on montmorillonite indicate different patterns for methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV). The enthalpy of adsorption of MB is endothermic up to 73% of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) (i.e., about 0.6 mmol g^-1 clay), whereas at higher adsorption ratios the adsorption reaction becomes exothermic. The enthalpy of adsorption of CV is exothermic for all amounts adsorbed. These results were confirmed with adsorption experiments that prove that adsorption of MB increase with temperature, whereas CV adsorption decreases. This behavior indicates changes in the equilibrium coefficient according to Van't Hoff's equation. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.